
Oskar Kokoschka
Selbstbildnis, Hand auf der Brust (Plakat für einen Vortrag des Künstlers im Akademischen Verband, Wien, 1912)
Oskar Kokoschka (1886–1980) chose a self-portrait to promote his lecture “Vom Bewusstsein der Gesichte” (engl.: “On the consciousness of visions”), which took place on 26 January 1912 at the Academic Association for Literature and Music: “Selbstbildnis, Hand auf der Brust” (engl.: “Self-portrait, hand on the chest”). It shows the artist as a maltreated, shaven-headed man pointing with his finger to a wound in his chest. The poster subject epitomised Kokoschka’s self-perception as Ecce Homo. This term, which comes from the Bible and means “Behold the man!”, refers to the suffering figure of Christ and symbolises Kokoschka’s sense of exclusion and his outsider status. The remarks Kokoschka made during his lecture caused renewed outrage and cemented his reputation as a scandalous artist and “Oberwildling”. The same motif had already been used as the subject for Herwarth Walden’s (1878–1941) magazine “Der Sturm” (engl.: “the storm”). The first issue of the magazine appeared on 3 March 1910 and was published until 1932. “Der Sturm” quickly developed into the most important mouthpiece of the avant-garde. Under Walden’s aegis, topics from literature, music and art were discussed, favouring those of Expressionism. Kokoschka not only created illustrations and graphics for “Der Sturm”, but also published literary contributions, including his expressionist dramas. Kokoschka’s collaboration with the magazine contributed significantly to consolidating his artistic position as one of the leading representatives of Expressionism and gave him access to an international network of artists.